MDR1 Gene Mutation in Dogs
Multidrug Sensitivity in Dogs
Many herding dog breeds are afflicted with a mutation of the multidrug resistance (mdr1) gene. This gene encodes a protein (P-glycoprotein) that is responsible for removing certain drugs and toxins from the brain.
Dogs that carry the mdr1 genetic defect cannot rid their brains of the problem drugs. The result is a neurotoxic buildup that can cause abnormal neurological symptoms and/or death. Research has shown that three of every four Collies have at least one copy of the mutated gene.
There is now a test available to screen for the presence of the mutated mdr1 gene.
Drugs to Avoid for Dogs with MDR1
Drugs to avoid in dogs with the MDR1 gene mutation: The tranquilizer acepromazine; a pain medication called butorphanol; the anti-cancer drugs doxorubicin, vinblastine and vincristine; the antibiotics erythromycin and rifampin; anti-parasitic drugs such as ivermectin (in high doses), milbemycin, moxidectin and selamectin; and the anti-diarrheal drug loperamide (Imodium).
Affected Breeds
Here is a list of dog breeds most susceptible to MDR1 gene mutation.
- Australian Shepherd
- Border Collie
- Collie
- English Shepherd
- German Shepherd
- Long-Haired Whippet
- McNab
- Miniature Australian Shepherd
- Mixed Breed
- Old English Sheepdog
- Shetland Sheepdog
- Silken Windhound
Summary
You can test your dog with at an-home oral swab or take your pup to the vet. Either way, the test will determine if your dog is susceptible.
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